Knowledge, Skills & Behaviours (KSBs)
KSBs are the core attributes that you must have as an apprentice in order to be competent in the occupation that you’re working in. They sit alongside your technical studies and exams and are the main assessment methods used in an end point assessment (EPA). Think of it like the soft skills you see in the workplace.
- Knowledge – the information, technical detail, and ‘know-how’ that someone needs to have and understand to successfully carry out the duties. Some knowledge will be occupation-specific, whereas some may be more generic.
- Skills – the practical application of knowledge needed to successfully undertake the duties. They are learnt through on- and/or off-the-job training or experience.
- Behaviours – mindsets, attitudes or approaches needed for competence. Whilst these can be innate or instinctive, they can also be learnt. Behaviours tend to be very transferable. They may be more similar across occupations than knowledge and skills. For example, team worker, adaptable and professional.
Knowledge
- The significance of attachment and how to promote it effectively.
- How children’s learning and development can be affected by their stage of development and
individual circumstances such as moving school, birth of a sibling, family breakdown and adoption
and care. - the importance of promoting diversity, equality and inclusion, fully reflecting cultural differences
and family circumstances. - The potential effects of, and how to prepare and support children through, transitions and
significant events in their lives. - When a child is in need of additional support such as where a child’s progress is less than
expected. How to assess within the current early years’ education curriculum framework using a
range of assessment techniques such as practitioners observing children through their day-to-day
interactions and observations shared by parents and/ or carers. - The legal requirements and guidance on health and safety, security, confidentiality of
information, safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children. - Safeguarding policies and procedures, including child protection, recognise when a child is in
danger or at risk of abuse, and know how to act to protect them. Types of abuse include domestic,
neglect, physical, emotional and sexual. - How to prevent and control infection through ways such as handwashing, food hygiene
practices and dealing with spillages safely. - The expected patterns of children’s development from birth to 5 years, and have an
understanding of further development from age 5 to 7. - The significance of attachment and how to promote it effectively.
- A range of underpinning theories and philosophical approaches to how children learn and
develop, and their influence on practice. - How children’s learning and development can be affected by their stage of development and
individual circumstances such as moving school, birth of a sibling, family breakdown and adoption
and care. - the importance of promoting diversity, equality and inclusion, fully reflecting cultural differences
and family circumstances. - The importance to children’s holistic development of: – speech, language and communication –
personal, social and emotional development and physical development. - Systematic synthetic phonics in the teaching of reading, and a range of strategies for developing
early literacy and mathematics. - The potential effects of, and how to prepare and support children through, transitions and
significant events in their lives. - The current early education curriculum requirements such as the Early Years Foundation Stage.
- The importance of undertaking continued professional development to improve own skills and
early years practice. - The legal requirements and guidance on health and safety, security, confidentiality of
information, safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children. - Why health and well-being is important for babies and children.
- how to respond to accidents, injuries and emergency situations.
- Safeguarding policies and procedures, including child protection, recognise when a child is in
danger or at risk of abuse, and know how to act to protect them. Types of abuse include domestic,
neglect, physical, emotional and sexual.
Skills
- Analyse and explain how children’s learning and development can be affected by their stage of
development and individual circumstances such as the needs of children learning English as an
additional language from a variety of cultures. - Promote equality of opportunity and anti-discriminatory practice.
- Leading people
- Plan and lead activities, purposeful play opportunities and educational programmes which include
the learning and development areas of current early education curriculum requirements. - Ensure plans fully reflect the stage of development, individual needs and circumstances of
children and providing consistent care and responding quickly to the needs of the child. - Provide learning experiences, environments and opportunities appropriate to the age, stage and
needs of individual and groups of children. - Encourage children’s participation, ensuring a balance between adult-led and child-initiated
activities - Engage in effective strategies to develop and extend children’s learning and thinking, including
sustained shared thinking. - Support and promote children’s speech, language and communication development
- Support children’s group learning and socialisation.
- Model and promote positive behaviours expected of children such as turn-taking and keeping
reactions and emotions proportionate. - Support children to manage their own behaviour in relation to others
- Plan and provide activities to meet additional needs, working in partnership with parents and/or
carers and other professionals, where appropriate. - Carry out and record observational assessment accurately.
- Identify the needs, interests and stages of development of individual children.
- Make use of formative and summative assessment, tracking children’s progress to plan next
steps and shape learning opportunities. - Discuss children’s progress and plan next stages in their learning with the key person,
colleagues, parents and/or carers. - Communicate effectively in English in writing and verbally. For example, in the recording of
administration of medicine, completing children’s observational assessments and communicating
with parents and other professionals. - Engage in continuing professional development and reflective practice to improve own skills,
practice, and subject knowledge (for example, in English, mathematics, music, history, or modern
foreign languages). - Plan and carry out physical care routines suitable to the age, stage and needs of the child.
- Promote healthy lifestyles for example by encouraging babies and young children to consume
healthy and balanced meals, snacks and drinks appropriate for their age and be physically active
through planned and spontaneous activity through the day. - Undertake tasks to ensure the prevention and control of infection for example hand washing,
food preparation and hygiene, dealing with spillages safely, safe disposal of waste and using correct
personal protective equipment. - Carry out risk assessment and risk management in line with policies and procedures.
- Maintain accurate and coherent records and reports and share information, only when
appropriate, to ensure the needs of all children are met, such as emotional, physical, psychological
and cultural. - Identify and act upon own responsibilities in relation to health and safety, security, confidentiality
of information, safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children. - Work co-operatively with colleagues and other professionals to meet the needs of babies and
children and enable them to progress. - Work co-operatively with colleagues and other professionals to meet the needs of babies and
children and enable them to progress. - Encourage parents and/or carers to take an active role in the child’s play, learning and
development.
Behaviours
- Care and compassion – provide the very best childcare to every child every day combined with
the ability to professionally challenge poor practice. - Being team-focused – work effectively with colleagues and other professionals and support the
learning and development of others through mentoring and sharing of professional expertise and
experience. - Honesty, trust and integrity – develop trust by working in a confidential, ethical and empathetic
manner with a common-sense and professional attitude. - Commitment to improving the outcomes for children through inspiration and child-centred care
and education. - Work in a non-discriminatory way, by being aware of differences and ensuring all children have
equal access to opportunities to learn, develop and reach their potential. - Working practice take into account fundamental British values including democracy, the rule of
the law, individual liberty and mutual respect and tolerance of those with different faiths and beliefs